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Biosphere 2: A Faulty Mars Survival Test Gets a Second Act

In 1991, eight people sealed themselves inside a giant glass biosphere to practice space living. By the time they emerged, they had “suffocated, starved and went mad.”

The Deadly Toxin Outbreak That Spurred America's Food Safety System

To prevent botulism in tinned goods, scientists and canners worked with the government to protect the public.

If You Smell Something, Say Something

City dwellers of the 19th century were dogged by a foul terror: miasma.

The Nuclear Fail

Physicist and writer Leo Szilard was vital to the creation of the atomic bomb. He also did everything he could to prevent its use.
Image of a person being affected by chemical weapons.

Why We Don’t Use Chemical Weapons

World War I exposed the world to the horror of gas attacks. But why do we draw the line there when other methods of killing prove so much more effective?

California Burning

Wildfires in the American West are becoming ever more prevalent and destructive. How did we get to this point?

Three Eras of Environmental Concern

In the late 19th and early 20th century, talk about “the environment” had little of its later coherence or political meaning.
Buffalo jump

Native Americans Managed the Prairie for Better Bison Hunts

Hunter-gatherer societies may have a bigger ecological impact than we thought.

Bad Blood

The history of eugenics in the Progressive Age.

The Visionary John Wesley Powell Had a Plan for Developing the West, But Nobody Listened

Powell’s foresight might have prevented the 1930s dust bowl and perhaps, today’s water scarcities.

The Man Who Created the World Wide Web Has Some Regrets

Tim Berners-Lee has seen his creation debased by everything from fake news to mass surveillance. But he’s got a plan to fix it.
U.S. Senators Bob Dole and Birch Bayh shaking hands.

How Big Pharma Was Captured by the One Percent

The industry's price-gouging economic model was engineered by Wall Street and its political enablers—and only Washington can fix it.
Book cover for Surveillance Valley: The Secret Military History of the Internet

The Long View: Surveillance, the Internet, and Government Research

A new book says “the Internet was developed as a weapon and remains a weapon today.” Does the charge hold up?
Archaeologist excavating a bone.

Civil War Battlefield 'Limb Pit' Reveals Work Of Combat Surgeons

Bones uncovered at the Manassas National Battlefield Park provide insights into surgery during the Civil War.

A Little Formaldehyde With Your Milk?

Before you grab the 'raw,' some thoughts on how food was before safety and labeling regs were passed.

Network Visualisations Show What We Can and What We May Know

On the intellectual history of the lines and arrows that have become a standard feature of the news media.

Looking To History To Combat Wildfires

After decades of modern fire prevention, many forests have become dangerous tinder-boxes.

The Long-Lost Locust

The 1874 locust swarm was estimated to be twice the square mileage of the state of Colorado. Why don't locusts swarm anymore?

Colonialism Did Not Just Create Slavery: It Changed Geology

Researchers suggest effects of the Colonial Era can be detected in rocks or even air.

Dystopian Bodies

In her newest book, Barbara Ehrenreich attacks the "epidemic" of wellness.

Examining 20th-Century America’s Obsession With Poor Posture

A new book explores the nation’s now-faded preoccupation with the 'epidemic' of hunched bodies.

A History of Noise

Whether we consider the sounds of nature to be pleasant or menacing depends largely on our ideologies.

Black Subjectivity and the Origins of American Gynecology

A review of Deirdre Cooper Owens' "Medical Bondage: Race, Gender, and the Origins of American Gynecology."

Susan Fenimore Cooper, Forgotten Naturalist

Susan Fenimore Cooper is now being recognized as one of the nation's first environmentalists.

How the Midlife Crisis Came to Be 

The midlife crisis went from an obscure psychological theory to a ubiquitous phenomenon.

Explaining the 'Mystery' of Numbers Stations

The stations' broadcasts have been attributed to aliens and Cold War relics, but they actually are coded intelligence messages.

The Forgotten '80s Home Robots Trend

Alexa’s interface is treated as revolutionary, but you might be surprised to learn of its predecessors from the mid-1980s.
Ad for children's aspirin.

‘Candy Aspirin,’ Safety Caps, and the History of Children’s Drugs

The development, use, and marketing of medications for children in the 20th century.

How the C-Section Went From Last Resort to Overused

Today, 1 in 3 American babies are delivered via the procedure, twice what the World Health Organization recommends.

How George S. Patton Took on the Lava with Bombs

In 1935, as lava from Mauna Loa advanced on Hilo, the not-yet-famous Army general was called to the rescue.