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Prince Hall portrait

A Forgotten Black Founding Father

Why I’ve made it my mission to teach others about Prince Hall.
Picture of the 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln.

On Abraham Lincoln’s Convoluted Plan For the Abolition of Slavery

Although he did not openly endorse every one of the many precepts of the antislavery Constitution, Lincoln framed his positions entirely within its parameters.
Statue of "Freedom" on top of the U.S. Capitol

Philip Reed, The Enslaved Man Who Rescued Freedom

The ironies abound in the story of Reed, who made it possible to erect the statue that remains on the top of the Capitol dome today.

Meet Joseph Rainey, the First Black Congressman

Born enslaved, he was elected to Congress in the wake of the Civil War. But the impact of this momentous step in U.S. race relationships did not last long.
Lithograph of William Costin.

The Mount Vernon Slave Who Made Good: The Mystery of William Costin

David O. Stewart discusses the relationship between William Costin and the Washington bloodline.
Freedmen's memorial.

Of, By & For the Freedmen

On the aesthetics and history of the Freedman’s Memorial in Washington, D.C.

Black Political Activism and the Fight for Voting Rights in Missouri

Nick Sacco takes a moment to remember the 15th Amendment.
Fugitive slaves riding on horseback.

The Black Collectors Who Championed African-American Art during the U.S. Civil War

Dorsey and Thomas amassed important collections at a time when the future of chattel slavery and Black life hung in the balance of a national quarrel.
Lithograph depicting police attacking African Americans in New Orleans, 1874

On Riots and Resistance

Exploring freedpeople’s struggle against police brutality during Reconstruction.
Phillis Wheatley

How Phillis Wheatley Was Recovered Through History

For decades, a white woman’s memoir shaped our understanding of America’s first Black poet. Does a new book change the story?
A political cartoon depicting the White League and the KKK uniting over the Lost Cause and the subjugation of freedmen

Blood in the Pool: The 1868 Bossier Massacre

They all but succeeded in scouring the blood away into nothingness, but it lingered, detectable underneath the supposedly cleansed earth.
Emancipation Memorial seen through fence grating

What Frederick Douglass Had to Say About Monuments

In a newly discovered letter, the famed abolitionist wrote that ‘no one monument could be made to tell the whole truth'
Freedmen's Memorial

Yes, the Freedmen’s Memorial Uses Racist Imagery. But Don’t Tear It Down.

Keep in mind what it meant to the people who created it.
Galveston Central Wharf in 1861

Granger’s Juneteenth Orders and the Limiting of Freedom

To what extent did the Union general's famous orders actually liberate the enslaved in Texas?

The Science of Abolition

On Hosea Easton’s and David Walker’s attempts to debunk scientific racism.

You Know About the Underground Railroad. But What About the Reverse Underground Railroad?

Few people know about the movement to kidnap free black Americans and traffic them into slavery. It's time to change that.
A map of the Kingdom of the Happy Land.

A Black Kingdom in Postbellum Appalachia

The Kingdom of the Happy Land represents just one of many Black placemaking efforts in Appalachia. We must not forget it.
Political cartoon of the liberation of a slave by going to a free state.

The Mystery of William Jones, an Enslaved Man Owned by Ulysses S. Grant

Looking for traces of the last person ever owned by a U.S. president.

The Real Origins of Birthright Citizenship

Its purpose 150 years ago was to incorporate former slaves into the nation.
U.S. Patent Office

The Story of the American Inventor Denied a Patent Because He Was a Slave

What happens when the Patent Office doesn't recognize the inventor as a person at all?

Citizens to Come: Building Beyond the 14th Amendment

Commemoration of the 14th Amendment must not display the abundance of freedom, but the hunger for it on both sides of the border.

Citizens: 150 Years of the 14th Amendment

In 1868, black activists had already been promoting birthright as the basis of their national belonging for nearly half a century.

When the Fourth of July Was a Black Holiday

After the Civil War, African Americans in the South transformed Independence Day into a celebration of their newly won freedom.

Lonesome for Our Home

Zora Neale Hurston’s long-lost oral history with one of the last survivors of the Atlantic slave trade.

The Historical Roots of Blues Music

The blues is not "slave music," but the music of freed African Americans.
United States Colored Troops.

African American Civil War Soldiers

Why an historian is compiling a digital database of the military records of 200,000+ black Union soldiers.

The Compensated Emancipation Act of 1862

While a far cry from full emancipation, it was an important step towards the abolition of slavery.

Banking Against (Black) Capitalism

A review of "The Color of Money: Black Banks and the Racial Wealth Gap."
Black sailors among the crew of a Union Naval vessel.

Slaves and Sailors in the Civil War

The enlistment of black soldiers in the Union Army is well-known, but their Navy counterparts played an integral role, too.

When Emancipation Finally Came, Slave Markets Took on a Redemptive Purpose

During the Civil War, slave pens held captive Confederate soldiers. After, they became rallying points for a newly empowered community.

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