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A History of Noise

Whether we consider the sounds of nature to be pleasant or menacing depends largely on our ideologies.
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The Campaign for Child Labor

Why did David Clark campaign to keep kids working in the early 20th century? For one thing, it benefited his interests.
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Can Consumer Groups Be Radical?

Historian Lawrence Glickman looked at the consumer movements of the 1930s to find out.
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Where Sunday School Comes From

Sunday school was a major part of nineteenth century reformers’ efforts to improve children’s lives and morals.
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The Lost Language of American Loggers

A 1942 glossary documents the origins of terms like "punk," "haywire," and "skidroad."
A painting of George Washington.
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What Is Presidents’ Day Actually About?

For most of American history, Washington's Birthday was a really big deal, but that’s changed a lot since the middle of the twentieth century.
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What the Prisoners’ Rights Movement Owes to the Black Muslims of the 1960s

Black Muslims have been an influential force in the prisoners' rights movement and criminal justice reform.
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Before Net Neutrality, There Was Radio Regulation

How today's media landscape was shaped by a 1920s decision to privilege corporate broadcasters over noncommercial ones.
Semi on a mountain highway.
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The Populist Power of the American Trucker

How did truckers nudge the American economy toward deregulation?
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The Cookbook That Brought Chinese Food to American Kitchens

The lasting influence of "How to Cook and Eat in Chinese."
Charlie Chaplin and another mustachioed character in a film.
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The Meaning of a Mustache

To shave or not to shave? At the start of the twentieth century, a trend away from facial hair reflected dramatic social and economic shifts.
Credit cards
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How Credit Reporting Agencies Got Their Power

In an economy based on doing business with strangers, monitoring people's trustworthiness quickly became very profitable.
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White Supremacists and the Rhetoric of "Tyranny"

White supremacists have long used fear of losing essential rights in their arguments.
Middle school building.
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The Invention of Middle School

In the 1960s, there was no grand vision behind the idea of a middle school. The problem that the model sought to solve was segregation.
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When 'Welfare Reform' Meant Expanding Benefits

We often forget that Nixon took decidely liberal stances on welfare, healthcare, and universal basic income.
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The Secret Gay Business Network of Midcentury America

In the 1940s and 50s, a life of business travel represented a sense of freedom for gay men that would have been impossible in earlier decades.
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What Americans Thought of WWI

What did Americans think of World War I before the US entered the conflict 100 years ago?
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The History of Outlawing Abortion in America

Abortion was first criminalized in the mid 1900s amidst concerns that too many white women were ending their pregnancies.
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When Dieting Was Only For Men

Today, we tend to assume dieting is for women, but in the 1860s, it was a masculine pursuit.
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Lessons From A Japanese Internment Camp

Trump ally Carl Higbie recently cited Japanese internment camps during World War II as a “precedent” for a proposed registry of Muslims in the U.S.
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How Televising Presidential Debates Changed Everything

Ever since Kennedy-Nixon, televised debates have given viewers an insight into candidates' policies—and their personalities, too.
A reporter interviewing another man near the wreckage from the Watts Rebellion.
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Did The 1965 Watts Riots Change Anything?

Sociological data from immediately after the riots in Watts, Los Angeles, in 1965 show major disparities in attitude by race.
A stack of books in a classroom.
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The Racism of History Textbooks

How history textbooks reinforced narratives of racism, and the fight to change those books from the 1940s to the present.
Woman holding a turkey on a platter.
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The Modern Invention of Thanksgiving

The holiday emerged not from the 17th century, but rather from concerns over immigration and urbanization in the 19th century.