The Expressions of Emotion in the Pigeons (1909–11)

Including musical notation of its songs, kahs, and coos.

Why Humanity Will Probably Botch the Next Pandemic, Too

A conversation with Mike Davis about what must be done to combat the COVID-19 pandemic – and all the other monsters still to come.

Writing Histories of Intimate Care and Social Distancing in the Age of COVID-19

Unlike cholera, physical and sensory proximity can spread COVID-19 among the populations most vulnerable to it.

Disease Has Never Been Just Disease for Native Americans

Native communities’ vulnerability to epidemics is not a historical accident, but a direct result of oppressive policies and ongoing colonialism.
Diagram and article about Dunlap Creek Bridge

Tom Paine’s Bridge

We do not often think of Paine as a revolutionary inventor. But in a very real sense, that is what he believed himself to be.

Quarantine in Nineteenth-Century New York

As COVID-19 races through New York, we asked Lorna Ebner to tell us about previous attempts to mitigate disease in the city.

A Once-In-A-Century Pandemic

We’re repeating a lot of the same mistakes from the 1918 “Spanish Flu” H1N1 outbreak.

In 19th-Century America, Fighting Disease Meant Battling Bad Smells

The history of unpleasant odor, or miasma, has unexpected relevance in the time of COVID-19.
Women wearing masks during the 1918 Flu.
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To Save Lives, Social Distancing Must Continue Longer Than We Expect

The lessons of the 1918 flu pandemic.

Yellow Fever Led Half of Philadelphians to Flee the City. Ten Percent of the Residents Still Died.

Schools closed, handshaking ceased and people wore handkerchiefs over their faces as the virus ravaged what was then the nation’s capital.

America's Devastating First Plague and the Birth of Epidemiology

In the 1790s a plague struck the new American nation and killed thousands. Noah Webster told the story of pandemics and invented a field.
Illustration of six books on the topic of pandemics

COVID-19 and the Outbreak Narrative

Outbreak narratives from past diseases can be influential in the way we think about the COVID pandemic.
Engraving of Reverend Cotton Mather, 1721, surrounded by a crowd.

The Slave Who Helped Boston Battle Smallpox

Like so many black scientists past, the African who brought inoculation to the American colonies never got his due.

How Epidemics Shaped Modern Life

Past public health crises inspired innovations in infrastructure, education, fundraising and civic debate—and cleaned up animal carcasses from the streets.

In 1918 and 2020, Race Colors America’s Response to Epidemics

A look at how Jim Crow affected the treatment of African Americans fighting the Spanish flu.

The History of Smallpox Shows Us Nationalism Can’t Beat a Pandemic

“America First” is a fairly useless strategy in the quest for a COVID-19 vaccine.
The Bellevue Hotel in Philadelphia, PA.

An American Outbreak of Death and Panic

On the eve of America’s Bicentennial, a mysterious illness terrifies the country and sends disease detectives racing the clock to find answers.
New Yorkers including Hasidic Jews walk by an outdoor tent erected as a waiting area for an urgent care clinic.
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Deep Political Fissures May Worsen the Coronavirus Outbreak

If partisans see problems and potential solutions through a political lens, it will weaken our response.

How Some Cities ‘Flattened the Curve’ During the 1918 Flu Pandemic

Social distancing isn’t a new idea—it saved thousands of American lives during the last great pandemic.
Painting of the USS Vincennes in Disappointment Bay, Antarctica, during the Wilkes expedition.

The Forgotten American Explorer Who Discovered Huge Parts of Antarctica

It’s been 180 years since Charles Wilkes voyaged to the Antarctic continent and his journey has never been more relevant.
Trump speech script with "Corona" crossed out and changed to "Chinese" Virus.
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Stop Calling Covid-19 a Foreign Virus

Medical xenophobia has dangerous ramifications.

The Untold Origin Story of the N95 Mask

The most important design object of our time was more than a century in the making.
Fishing boats an debris deposited in an Alaska village by the earthquake.

At the Very Beginning of the Great Alaska Earthquake

People’s stories described a sluggish process of discovery: you had to discover the earthquake, even though it had already been shaking you for what felt like a very long time.

The Epidemics America Got Wrong

Government inaction or delay have shaped the course of many infectious disease outbreaks in our country.

Surviving a Pandemic, in 1918

A century ago, Catholic nuns from Philadelphia recalled what it was like to tend to the needy and the sick during the great influenza pandemic of 1918.
Rahima Banu
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Coronavirus: Lessons From Past Epidemics

Dr. Larry Brilliant, who helped eradicate smallpox, says past epidemics can teach us to fight coronavirus.

How the 1957 Flu Pandemic Was Stopped Early in Its Path

Dr. Maurice Hilleman caught the 1957 flu when even the military and WHO couldn't.

Keep it Clean: The Surprising 130-Year History of Handwashing

Until the mid-1800s, doctors didn’t bother washing their hands. Then a Hungarian medic made an essential, much-resisted breakthrough.

‘A Once-in-a-Century Pathogen’: The 1918 Pandemic & This One

What we can learn from the Spanish flu.

Significant Life Event

How midlife crises—and menopause—came to be defined by the experience of men.