Justice

John Marshall Harlan's relationship with an enslaved man who grew up in his home showed how respect could transcend barriers and point a path to freedom.

Campus police forces developed as part of an effort to wall off universities from Black neighborhoods.

A local gay rights activist launched a publicity stunt that became so much more. Congress couldn’t help but notice.

The Tulsa race massacre of 1921 was one of the worst acts of racial violence in American history. It was also part of a larger pattern across the country.

The life of Tulsa attorney B.C. Franklin is a testament to the triracial history of the West.

A popular theory links the closing of state psychiatric hospitals to the increased incarceration of people with mental illness. The reality is more complicated.

The theory has not provided the clarity some of its early proponents had hoped it would.

Remembering Asian-American activists Corky Lee and Yuri Kochiyama.

Tsökahovi Tewanima held an American record in running for decades, but his training at the infamous Carlisle school kept him from his ancestral Hopi lands

One hundred and twenty five years after the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, there are still lessons to be gleaned from the case.

A. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin knew the fates of the civil rights and labor movements were intertwined. The same is true today.

The theory, drawing the ire of the right, can help us understand our past.

On the 100th anniversary of Yuri Kochiyama’s birth and the passage of the Emergency Quota Act, Railton explores inclusion and exclusion in US history.

Organizing and advocacy are key when confronting bigotry.

The roots of “protecting children” in U.S. political rhetoric lie in efforts to defend white supremacy.

How conservative politicians and pundits became fixated on an academic approach.

I can’t ignore what this country has done to Black people. How do I find my place in it?

Activists on the campaign were dedicated, but the city of Chicago and the FBI had conspired to murder the city’s best organizer that night in December 1969.

Support for and opposition to the ERA are not positions that are fundamentally tied to either conservatism or liberalism.

Detroit police killed hundreds of unarmed Blacks during the civil rights movement. Their ability to get away with it shows why most proposals for police reform are bound to fail.

In a new book, historian Nicole Eustace reveals Indigenous calls for meaningful restitution and reconciliation rather than retribution.

Stokely Carmichael and the speech that changed the course of the civil rights movement.

While the Panthers have become a staple of pop culture, veteran members of the group remain invisible.

The surge in violence against Asian-Americans is a reminder that America’s present reality reflects its exclusionary past.

If we don’t understand the history of Asian exclusion, we cannot understand the racist hatred of the present.

Orisanmi Burton reflects on the legacy of the Panther 21 on the 50th anniversary (to the day) of their acquittal.

The Supreme Court has refused to force White Americans to confront history.

The history of unarmed police brutality is rooted in anti-Blackness.

The police are an insulated political institution within cities empowered to enforce a racialized social order.

When Tuskegee student Sammy Younge, Jr., was murdered in 1966, his classmates focused their righteous anger on a local monument.